The muzzle is a device for dogs whose use is always highly debated.

What is it for? The muzzle is commonly used for dogs with aggressive behavior, which tend to bite other dogs or people, but this is not its only possible use. For example, some owners decide to use a muzzle when their dog tends to put things found on the ground into its mouth or in the case of wounds that must not be licked.

Is the muzzle mandatory?

Ideas regarding legal provisions concerning the use and mandatory nature of muzzles are often unclear.

From 2006 to 2009, the Martini ordinance on the “Protection of public safety from dog aggression” had established that certain dog breeds were considered dangerous and, therefore, were required to wear a muzzle in public places.

In 2009, this ordinance was considered discriminatory, as it was deemed wrong to mandate the use of a muzzle based on breed.

Despite the removal of this muzzle requirement, the ordinance on public safety remains in force, which provides that a dog owner is always responsible for the welfare, control, and handling of the animal and is liable, both civilly and criminally, for damages or injuries to people, animals, or property caused by the animal itself.

The ordinance also emphasizes that for the purpose of preventing damages or injuries to people, animals, or property, the owner and the keeper of a dog must carry a muzzle, whether rigid or soft, to be applied to the dog in case of risk to the safety of people or animals or upon the request of the competent authorities.

It is, therefore, no longer necessary for a dog, of any breed, to always wear a muzzle, but for the owner to carry it in case of need.

Especially in certain places, such as public transport, the use of a muzzle may be required for any breed of dog that cannot be placed in a pet carrier.

In addition to the use of a muzzle if necessary, the law establishes the obligation to always use a leash no longer than 1.50 m in length while taking the dog out in urban areas and in places open to the public.

The only exception regarding muzzles is for guide dogs; due to their crucial assistance role, they never have to wear a muzzle and can also access places where dogs are prohibited.